什麼是靜脈曲張？不只是腿上青筋
What are varicose veins?
中文版
靜脈曲張，是皮膚下面的靜脈變粗、彎曲，像一條條浮起來的青筋。最常見在小腿和大腿。
它不只是外觀問題。有些人還會覺得腿沉、痠、腫、癢，或晚上容易抽筋。
- 最常出現在下肢
- 久站後不舒服可能更明顯
- 外觀看起來不嚴重，也可能有明顯症狀
1.為什麼會變成一條條青筋？
- 腿部靜脈要把血液送回心臟。
- 當靜脈瓣膜關不緊，血液容易往下回流、堆積。
- 長期壓力會讓血管慢慢擴張、彎曲。
2.什麼時候可以安排檢查？
- 青筋越來越明顯，或伴隨痠、腫、沉重。
- 腳踝變色、皮膚變硬或反覆搔癢。
- 有傷口不容易好，或曲張血管曾經出血。
💡 正常靜脈與曲張靜脈
| 比較 | 正常靜脈 | 曲張靜脈 |
|---|---|---|
| 血流 | 順暢往心臟方向 | 容易往下逆流、堆積 |
| 瓣膜 | 可以正常關閉 | 可能關不緊 |
| 外觀 | 管徑較均勻 | 變粗、彎曲、突出 |
| 感覺 | 通常沒有不舒服 | 可能沉重、痠、腫或癢 |
⚠️ 溫馨提醒：如果單腳突然腫痛、皮膚發紅發熱，或曲張血管正在出血，請先就近就醫。
ENGLISH
Varicose veins are enlarged, twisted veins beneath the skin, most often affecting the calves and thighs.
They are not only a cosmetic concern. Some people also experience heaviness, aching, swelling, itching or night cramps.
- Most often affect the legs
- Symptoms may worsen after prolonged standing
- Visible changes and symptom severity do not always match
1.Why do the veins become enlarged and twisted?
- Leg veins carry blood back toward the heart.
- When venous valves do not close properly, blood can flow backward and pool.
- Ongoing pressure gradually stretches and twists the vein.
2.When should I arrange an assessment?
- Visible veins are increasing or accompanied by heaviness, aching or swelling.
- The ankle skin becomes darker, itchy or firm.
- A wound is slow to heal, or a varicose vein has bled.
💡 Normal veins and varicose veins
| Comparison | Normal vein | Varicose vein |
|---|---|---|
| Blood flow | Moves toward the heart | May flow backward and pool |
| Valves | Close properly | May not close completely |
| Appearance | More even in diameter | Enlarged, twisted or prominent |
| Symptoms | Usually comfortable | May feel heavy, achy, swollen or itchy |
Note: Seek urgent care for sudden one-sided swelling or pain, redness and heat, or active bleeding.
References
本文提供一般衛教，不取代個別診斷或治療。若有急性不舒服，請先就近就醫。
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